Визначення динамічних сил, що діють на піввагон при розвантаженні роторним вагоноперекидачем

Abstract

UA: У статті розглянуто фактори, що впливають на міцність піввагонів при розвантаженні на роторних вагоноперекидачах, перед чим був проведений попередній ретельний аналіз їхніх характерних пошкоджень і несправностей. Побудовано розрахункові схеми системної конструкції і виконано аналітичне визначення інерційних складових динамічного процесу перекидання. Запропоновано початкові рекомендації щодо проєктування конструкції кузова, що зазнав впливу великих динамічних навантажень при обов’язкових розвантажувальних роботах транспортного засобу.

EN: The article considers the factors influencing the strength of gondola cars during unloading on rotary car dumpers, before which a preliminary careful analysis of their characteristic damage and malfunctions was carried out. The calculated schemes of the system design are constructed and the analytical determination of the inertial components of the dynamic overturning process is performed. Initial recommendations for the design of the body structure, which is exposed to high dynamic loads during the mandatory unloading of the freight vehicle. The issue of fleet conservation is important for owners and operators of rolling stock, based on the balance of working and non-working fleet. The main cause of damage to the load-bearing structure of the gondola is non-compliance with the content of regulatory documents when performing loading and unloading operations. Unloading of gondola cars in the method of overturning was introduced at industrial enterprises in the last century during the intensive industrialization of the German experience and supply of equipment and is now successfully carried out using special technical devices - stationary rotor tippers. According to the results: acceleration of the PV body occurs at an angle of rotation of about 60°; the maximum values of accelerations are observed at an angle of rotation of 125°. This is done at the final stage of the flow of the load, because the final component of the full angle of rotation no longer affects the dynamics, because the load in the body is not a large part. The results of theoretical research at the design stage of the PV allow to take into account possible dynamic factors due to the overturning of the PV body, and prevent probable damage, assess the margin of safety and reliability of the body structure, which will ultimately reduce maintenance costs and increase life cycle load.