Інвестиції у післявоєнну відбудову залізничного транспорту України

Abstract

UA: Проведено аналіз діяльності залізничного транспорту в першому півріччі 2022 р. Наведено попередні оцінки загальних прямих та непрямих втрат залізничного транспорту внаслідок російської військової агресії. Визначено короткострокові пріоритети інвестування в об’єкти залізничної інфраструктури. Запропоновано інвестиційні проєкти для відновлення роботи залізничного транспорту на середньостроковий період та стратегічну перспективу та можливі джерела їх фінансування.

EN: An analysis of the activity of railway transport in the first half of 2022 has been carried out. Preliminary estimates of the total direct and indirect losses of railway transport as a result of Russian military aggression have been provided, which, in the conditions of continuous military operations, continue to grow. Taking into account the difficult financial situation of Ukrzaliznytsia, this will mean the impossibility of post-war reconstruction of the railway infrastructure only with the company's own funds. It was determined that the restoration of the destroyed infrastructure of railway transport should take into account possible changes in the location of large industrial enterprises, and, accordingly, the places where freight flows originate. Short-term priorities for investing in railway infrastructure facilities have been determined, depending on the regions of the country where these facilities are located. For the regions where hostilities took place, the primary task will be the reconstruction of infrastructure facilities in order to ensure the uninterrupted functioning of transport networks for cargo and passenger transportation. At the same time, for the rear regions, the tactical goals will be to ensure the restoration of partial damage to railway infrastructure facilities and the creation of conditions for the operation of logistics routes. Investment projects for the recovery of railway transport for the medium-term period and the strategic perspective are proposed. It was determined that at all stages of the implementation of projects for the restoration of infrastructure facilities, the principles of integrity, transparency and accountability must be observed, as well as other necessary measures aimed at minimizing corruption risks must be taken. Sources of investment in the restoration of the railway infrastructure are proposed, taking into account the limitations of own funds of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia", which can be credit funds of European financial structures and institutions, funds of private business, as well as European operators of railway transport.