Інноваційні перспективи розвитку будівельної галузі в сучасних умовах господарювання

Abstract

UA: На сьогоднішній день подальші тенденції та перспективи розвитку будівництва в нашій країні характеризуються високим ступенем невизначеності, але для післявоєнної відбудови країни це сфера є необхідною. В дослідженні розкрито основні напрями інноваційного розвитку будівельної галузі. Окреслено, що сучасні світові тенденції інноваційного розвитку будівельної галузі пов'язують, перш за все, з сучасними методами будівництва, використанням новітніх будівельних матеріалів, інноваційними містобудівними способами розвитку або освоєння територій, а також широким використанням інформаційних технологій. Визначено, що застосування BIMтехнологій є одним з інструментів комплексної цифрової трансформації всієї будівельної галузі. Розкрито основні переваги застосування інформаційних технологій будівельної сфери, як перспективного напряму її інноваційного розвитку.

EN: The introduction of innovations in residential construction leads to the improvement of people's living conditions, which increases their comfort. The improvement of the social climate influenced by the construction of innovative buildings and structures of social orientation (hospitals, schools, sanatoriums, stadiums, etc.). Newly constructed buildings equipped with new technology in certain industries are also innovations. In recent years, the situation has been aggravated by the fact that the construction complex was faced with the need to provide the infrastructure of the innovative economy at an accelerated pace, being itself technologically backward. Therefore, one of the main trends in the development of the construction industry in the long term should be the widespread introduction of innovative technologies of all kinds. One of the main reasons for the development of innovative processes in the construction industry is market competition. Growth in the volume of construction production, creation of new architectural objects, high demand for residential and commercial real estate — all this is accompanied by interest in innovative materials and technologies. In these conditions, manufacturers of construction products or services forced to seek and develop new markets in order to gain an advantage over competitors. The financial crisis and the war most clearly affected the need for innovation, because their consequences were a sharp narrowing of the market and a reduction in demand and an even greater increase in competition. Enterprises that managed to start implementing innovative technologies are the winners. A highly competitive environment stimulates the innovative activity of enterprises — product manufacturers. Nevertheless, with the increase in the number of new products, competition among innovative companies’ decreases - in fact, they go into narrow market segments. The prospects for innovative development in construction are associated with the introduction of such an institute as self-regulated construction organizations, the functioning of which in full based on accepted standards and regulatory documents will allow taking into account local urban planning, geological and other features of conducting construction activities and more actively introduce innovations. One of the most relevant trends in construction today is widespread digitalization, the need for which became especially acute during the war. The use of BIM technologies, as one of the tools of complex digital transformation of the entire construction industry, prevails. The implementation of information modeling in construction is an important indicator of the digital improvement of the construction industry, which will increase the efficiency of the sphere's functioning.