Дослідження доцільності впровадження приватної локомотивної тяги на колії загального користування АТ «Укрзалізниця»

Abstract

UA: У статті розглянуто доцільність впровадження приватної локомотивної тяги, оскільки зараз АТ «Укрзалізниця» не може в повному обсязі задовольняти потреби перевізників. Розглянуті основні проблеми затримок у строках доставки вантажів, які пов’язані з нестачею тягового рухомого складу, через що час простою вантажів у 2,8 разу перевищує час у русі. Як приклад наведено деякі підприємства, які здійснюють перевезення власними локомотивами на невеликі відстані.

EN: The article considers the feasibility of introducing private locomotive traction, as at present JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" is not able to fully meet the needs of carriers. The technical condition of the existing stock of traction rolling stock is analyzed and it is proved that most locomotives need major overhaul, and some - replacements for more modern ones, capable of carrying large mass trains. The main problems of delays in the delivery time of cargoes, which are related to the lack of traction rolling stock, are considered. Based on the analysis of statistical data it is proved that due to the lack of traction rolling stock, the idle time of cargoes is 2.8 times more the time in motion, and the speed of movement along the route, taking into account all the downtime, can be 9.5 km / h, which is confirmed by the provided dynamics the timing of the mid-wagon traffic and the halfwagon movement time in the western border crossings and seaports. Against the background of the existence of such negative phenomena, a significant increase in the number of freight wagons of the carrier companies is projected, which can cause the effect of "abandoned trains" on the routes, due to a significant lack of locomotives. At the same time, the available capacity of the infrastructure of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" allows to carry at least twice as many cargoes. Possible variants of introduction of private locomotive traction, as well as influence of this factor on economic indicators and further development of JSC "Ukrzaliznytsia" are considered. The legal aspects of introduction of private locomotive traction is analyzed. One of them is the signed Association with the EU, which clearly defines the term of introduction of private traction in Ukraine. And now, enterprises and companies are ready to invest in the purchase of their own locomotives for the transportation of their own cargo without delay and downtime. As an example, some companies that operate their own locomotives over short distances are given. The analysis of the current situation in the field of transportation proves the need for the introduction of private locomotive traction and the need to create a technology to control the locomotive fleet, both for the main and shunting locomotives.