Історичні чинники формування сучасного транспортного законодавства

Abstract

UA: В статті визначено особливе положення залізничного транспорту. Досліджено становлення та сутність діючого Статуту залізниць України. Розглянуто історію становлення та головні досягнення Бернської конвенції. Зазначено цілісність й послідовність висвітлення процесу формування транспортного законодавства. Проаналізовано особливості, тотожності та відмінності Статутів часів їх існування. Відзначено генетичний зв'язок вітчизняного законодавства з системою європейських законодавчих актів.

EN: The article defines the special position of rail transport. The analysis of the scientific heritage of leading Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the gradual formation of transport legislation. The necessity of special regulation of economic, organizational and legal foundations of the railway complex, determination of its place and role in the economy and social sphere, its relations with state authorities, owners of railway transport facilities, rail transport relations, shippers, consignees, passengers and other types of transport . The expediency of the development of new approaches to the solution of these problems has been substantiated. The essence and stages of the formation of the current Charter of the railways of Ukraine are investigated. The relationship of the current Charter of the railways of Ukraine with the railway law system of almost all European continental states, drawn up in the international convention on the carriage of goods by rail (the so-called Bern Convention) and the history of the Bern Convention, is considered The main achievements of the Bern Convention are noted. The integrity and consistency of the process of formation of domestic transport legislation is indicated. A historical review of the main legislative and regulatory documents in force in transport has been carried out and the stage-by-stage nature of their formation and development has been investigated using the historical method. Transport and legal phenomena have been studied, comparing and defining their characteristics, identity or difference both at the state level and at the level of different countries. Genetic connection of the national legislation with the system of European legislation is noted. It was noted about the extension of the formation of a system of regulatory documents that establish the organizational and legal basis for the activities of railway transport at the present stage.