Розвиток методології моделювання інформаційно-керуючих систем на залізничному транспорті

Abstract

UA: Методологія цілісного підходу, у якій діяльність представлена у формі структури задач, які вирішуються частинами організованого цілого, забезпечує вирішення основних проблем теорії діяльності, а отже, є основною методологією, яку слід застосовувати при моделюванні підприємства. Методологія системного підходу є допоміжною до методології цілісного підходу і забезпечує формування конкретних моделей, які входять до складу моделі підприємства як організованого цілого.

EN: In railway transport, the problems that have been considered for many years were solved by administrative – command methods. This is due to the fact that until the 60s of the 20th century, the railway was a military – organized structure. Therefore, its organization and management system copied military approaches and, for this reason, systematic studies on the scientific substantiation of the principles of construction and operation were not carried out. The foundations of a systematic approach to the processes of the railway industry are reflected in the work of prof. V.M. Samsonkina, prof. V.I. Moiseenka and other authors. It should be noted that they have a somewhat narrowed, functional nature, as they relate to functional safety. In the systematic approach to the operation of the railway system, formed by Professor V.M. Samsonkin, it is considered as a kind of self-regulating substance with processes of homeostasis and homeoresis. The study proved that the methodology of a holistic approach, in which the activity is presented in the form of a structure of tasks that are solved by parts of an organized whole, provides a solution to the main problems of the theory of activity, and therefore is the main methodology that should be applied when modeling the enterprise. The methodology of the system approach is an auxiliary methodology in relation to the methodology of a holistic approach and provides the formation of specific models that are part of the enterprise model as an organized whole. The concept of “system” and “organized whole” are interconnected as a “part” - “whole”, that is, the system is part of the whole. It is proposed that each part of the organized whole be considered as a system whose activity is dedicated to solving a specific problem. An important problem is the problem of the formation of a mechanism to ensure compliance with the results solved by these parts (systems) of tasks.