Вплив Четвертої промислової революції на розвиток поведінкової економіки

Abstract

UA: На сучасному етапі починається перехід до розвитку технологій Четвертої промислової революції, що формується на основі кіберфізичних систем виробництва. Змінюються моделі ведення бізнесу, класична політекономія не завжди дає ефективні відповіді агентам при прийнятті рішень, тому особливої актуалізації набувають психологічні аспекти людської поведінки сприйняття різних економічних подій, які досліджуються поведінковою економікою. Поведінкова економіка й четверта промислова революція пов'язані між собою, та обидві здійснюють суттєвий вплив на майбутній стан світової економіки.

EN: At the present stage, economic relations in the world are beginning to move towards the development of technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, increasing the intensity of international competition. The main element of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the availability of all relevant information in real time, which is formed on the basis of cyberphysical production systems, combining real and virtual worlds. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is changing business models, so today classical economic laws do not always provide effective answers to economic agents when making decisions. Currently, the psychological aspects of human behavior and the perception of various economic events are gaining particular relevance, so such a direction in economic theory as behavioral economics is becoming popular. The rapid development of science and technology is spreading automation, artificial intelligence and the expansion of the digital economy in the world. In view of this, behavioral economics is becoming an important tool in adapting to the new components of the fourth industrial revolution: it makes it possible to better understand and predict people's reactions to transformations, taking into account their needs, considerations and motives. If emotional and social factors are taken into account when making decisions, the modern economy will become more humane and contribute not only to economic growth, but also to improving people's well-being. Behavioral economics and the fourth industrial revolution are interconnected, and both have a significant impact on the future state of the world economy. The fourth industrial revolution poses a number of threats to the development of socio-economic relations: increasing income inequality, both between economic entities and between individual countries; transformation of external and internal labor markets; digital divide in society; deepening isolation of people, which leads to an increase in psychological illnesses in people; increasing social instability in society. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to study the consequences of the development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and adjust them in accordance with the interests of the individual, family, organization, community, etc.