Комплексний підхід до посилення інноваційної складової розвитку залізничної галузі в умовах повоєнної відбудови України

Abstract

UA: Наукове дослідження присвячене актуальним питанням удосконалення інноваційної складової розвитку вітчизняної залізничної галузі. У статті запропоновано комплексний підхід до вирішення поставленої проблематики. Ключовими напрямами реалізації такого підходу мають стати технічний, організаційний та управлінський. Це забезпечить вихід на якісно новий рівень надання залізничних транспортних послуг в умовах повоєнного відновлення України.

EN: The article considers the issues of improving the innovation component of the railway industry development as a strategically important direction of ensuring its sustainable development, increasing competitiveness and adaptation to modern socio-economic challenges. Particular attention is paid to technical, organisational and managerial approaches, which are key to implementing effective innovative changes. The author highlights the need to modernise the technical infrastructure of railway transport through the introduction of digital technologies and intelligent train control systems that optimise operational processes, improve the accuracy of timetables and reduce maintenance costs. The article emphasises the importance of developing energy-saving technologies, using modern materials and automating infrastructure diagnostics, which contribute to improving energy efficiency and environmental safety in the industry. Organisational approaches, as shown in the study, are based on systemic reform of management processes, including the digitalisation of logistics systems, the creation of innovation clusters to unite research institutions and transport enterprises, and the development of a system of staff development. The proposed measures are aimed at accelerating the introduction of the latest technologies and increasing the adaptability of the railway system to a changing economic environment. Particular attention is paid to management approaches that involve the development of innovative strategies, the use of flexible project management models and the stimulation of innovative activity of employees. The importance of developing partnerships with scientific institutions and commercialisation of promising technological solutions to ensure sustainable development of the railway industry is emphasised. Thus, it is proved that an integrated approach to improving the innovative component of railway transport, which includes technical, organisational and managerial solutions, is an important factor in increasing its productivity, safety and environmental sustainability in the context of modern economic challenges.