Геодезичний контроль планового положення залізничних кривих

Abstract

UA: Завдання забезпечення належної якості утримання залізничних кривих може бути вирішено шляхом створення спеціальних реперних систем на ділянках кривих. Наведено розрахунки для визначення величин зсувів у точках кривої для переміщення цих точок у проектне положення та послідовність їх закріплення. Виділено особливості застосування електронних тахеометрів під час приведення залізничних кривих до проектного положення, наведено технологію робіт.

EN: Rail curves are the most vulnerable places on the rail in terms of design parameters violations. Existing approaches to the geodetic maintenance of the planned position of railway curves do not ensure the preservation of their design indicators. The way that can solve this problem is to create special benchmark systems on the sections of the curves. The main points of this system should be the vertices of the track or the points that allow you to determine the position of the vertex angle. More rational to date and far less costly is to set up local benchmark systems that are created for a single curve or group near the curves located. Created benchmark system in the future allows you to virtually exclude geodetic works from the current retention of the rail curve, reducing the control of its planned position to the measurements of distances from the benchmarks. These measures should be included in railway track reconstruction and repair projects. The definition of indentation in the plan can be made with respect to the chord that connects the intermediate points of the curve with the accepted interval of the breakdown. Calculations are made to determine the magnitudes of measurements within the transition and circular curves and the sequence of fixation of the value of displacements at the points of the curve to move these points to the design position. The peculiarities of the use of electronic tacheometers in bringing the railway curves to the design position are highlighted. Taking a curve with an electronic tachometer can be done in detail at all points of the breakdown or in a combined way, when the tachometer determines the coordinates of a limited number of points between which the displacements are determined.