Methodological approaches to forecasting operating costs of railway system infrastructure components (using station infrastructure as an example)

Abstract

Modern transportation infrastructure design in Ukraine relies on the use of economic and mathematical modeling and digital technologies, which are essential for improving the accuracy of planning and justifying investment decisions. One of the most important and complex stages in developing a feasibility study (FS) is forecasting the operating costs over the entire project lifecycle, as these costs directly affect its payback period and economic efficiency.