Розвиток теоретичних основ побудови завадостійких систем управління залізничним транспортом

Abstract

UA: Дисертація присвячена вирішенню науково-прикладної проблеми підвищення ефективності управління рухомим складом залізниць на основі розробки науково обґрунтованих завадостійких методів і засобів передачі, приймання та обробки інформаційних сигналів в каналах зв'язку систем залізничної автоматики. Отримано функції правдоподібності вхідної напруги приймача числових кодів АЛСН в умовах дії двокомпонентної завади з незалежними відліками, двокомпонентної гауссівської марківської завади та трикомпонентної завади. Розроблено математичну модель каналу передачі сигналів АЛСН. Виконано синтез приймача числових кодів АЛСН в умовах впливу імпульсної завади, безперервної завади від лінії електропередач і безперервного гауссівського шуму. Результати передано для впровадження на регіональну філію «Південна залізниця» ПАТ «Укрзалізниця». Впровадження вищевказаних розробок дає можливість зменшити збитки від затримок поїздів внаслідок відмов приладів залізничної автоматики. Очікується, що загальна сума економічного ефекту від впровадження запропонованих методів і засобів побудови завадостійких систем керування залізничним транспортом і застосування їх протягом шести років буде становити 3230,7 тис. грн. Окремі розділи дисертаційної роботи використовуються в навчальному процесі УкрДУЗТ. EN: The thesis is dedicated to the solution of a scientific and engineering problem of the improvement of carrying capacity and safety of train operation by means of further development of theoretical bases of the construction of interference proof systems of railway transport management. The theoretical and experimental investigations of the work are aimed at the further development of new scientifically grounded methods, models, strategies of constructing interference proof systems of railway rolling stock management. It is established that at high-speed operation and high-speed running the safety of railway transport is influenced considerably by the fail-safe operation of the existing collision avoidance systems of train operation, audio frequency track circuits, the systems of automatic cab signalling in which unwanted electromagnetic processes can appear due to the uncontrolled fluctuations of the parameters in their communication channels. Theoretical investigations of the nature of a magnetic field distribution created by the lengths of rails have been conducted and analytic dependencies of the parameters of the given field on its geometric dimensions and magnetization have been established that made it possible to determine the influence of a rail line inhomogeneity on the distribution of information signals in track circuits and communication channels of automatic cab signalling systems. Theoretical researches of mutual correlation of the components which interfere the work of audio frequency track circuits have been conducted. The aim of the researches was to detect the conditions under which cross-correlation components of interferences which influence the final estimates of the parameters of a desired signal and the noise itself have negligibly small influence on the mentioned final estimates which made it possible to devise interference proof devices for receiving and processing information signals of track circuits. The mathematical model of a base process of the numerical codes reception by the automatic cab signalling, namely, current flow through a rail line in a reception section has been constructed. The developed generic dynamic model of a signal transmission channel of automatic cab signalling which takes into account train movement and unlike the existing ones made it possible to establish the dependence of train speed influence on the work of rolling stock automatic control systems. The mathematical model for a temporary dependency of shunt current when a locomotive is in motion on a subsection of a straight track taking into account its electromagnetic connection with a branch subsection has been obtained. The mathematical model of a two-component additive interference in the form of Markov process has been obtained. The synthesis of a numerical code receiver of automatic cab signaling with the numerical codes being observed against the background of a two-component Gaussian and Markov interference has been fulfilled. The optimality criterion of the processing of a code signal additive mixture of automatic cab signaling and a three-component interference has been obtained. The device to process numerical codes of automatic cab signaling in the conditions of additive influence of pulse interference, continuous interference from power lines and continuous Gaussian interference, in which the method of overall estimation of a signal parameters and the parameters of structurally determinated interferences. The results of separate parts of the present thesis are used in the teaching and learning process at the Department of Automation and Computer Telecontrol of Train Operation and advanced training (NNIPPKK) of Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport while training chiefs, deputy chiefs, chief engineers of signaling and communication services. The main scientific results of the thesis have been sent to branch “South Railway” of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” for application on the sections of high-speed running Hrebinka – Poltava and Poltava – Lozova in 2016–2017. The application of the above mentioned developments makes it possible to reduce the losses from train delays due to the failures of signaling and interlocking devices which depending on their nature lead to the disruption of train schedules. The total sum of cost advantages from the introduction of the proposed methods and means of the construction of jamproof systems of railway transport management and their application during six years is expected to be 3230,7 thousand UAH.