Організаційно-економічне забезпечення управління інвестиційною діяльністю підприємств залізничного транспорту

Abstract

UA: Дисертація присвячена розробленню теоретичних положень, методичних підходів і практичних рекомендацій щодо формування організаційно-економічного забезпечення управління інвестиційною діяльністю підприємств залізничного транспорту, відповідного тенденціям змін у бізнес-середовищі й стратегічним завданням залізничної галузі. Систематизовано фактори впливу на інвестиційну діяльність підприємств залізничного транспорту за глобальним, національним і галузевим рівнями й розкрито теоретичні положення розвитку інвестиційного потенціалу. Розроблено теоретичні основи формування організаційно-економічного забезпечення управління інвестиційною діяльністю підприємств залізничного транспорту на основі системно-адаптивного підходу, у межах якого визначено ключову роль когнітивно-інформаційних технологій і надано пропозиції щодо побудови інвестиційної стратегії. Удосконалено підхід до розвитку проектної діяльності підприємств залізничного транспорту, який передбачає створення офісу сприяння розвитку державно-приватного партнерства АТ «Укрзалізниця». Розвинуто організаційні засади управління інвестиційною діяльністю підприємств залізничного транспорту шляхом розбудови інтегрованого інформаційного середовища й децентралізації функцій інвестиційного управління і їх доповнення повноваженнями у сфері інформаційно-комунікаційної взаємодії. Удосконалено процедуру розроблення і реалізації інвестиційних проектів на основі формування і використання інвестиційної цифрової платформи й методичний підхід до визначення пріоритетності інвестування рухомого складу локомотивних депо.

EN: The dissertation is devoted to the development of theoretical provisions, methodological approaches and practical recommendations for the formation of organizational and economic support for the management of investment activities of railway transport enterprises, corresponding to the trends of changes in the business environment and strategic objectives of the railway industry. It is determined that ensuring the development and competitiveness of railway transport enterprises requires significant investment resources and activation of investment activity. The factors influencing investment activity of the enterprises railway transport, the majority of which has threatening character are revealed. They are systematized by global, national and sectoral levels (organizational and management, production, financial and credit, information, intellectual and personnel, innovation and technology, marketing, institutional factors and business factors). Taking into account the need to accumulate investment opportunities of railway transport enterprises, the theoretical provisions of the development of their investment potential have been improved. The content and structural component composition of the investment potential of railway transport enterprises are disclosed and the determinants of its development, organizational and managerial, production, financial and credit, information, intellectual and personnel, innovation and technology, marketing, institutional and business components are systematized. Reasoned expediency of formation organizational and economic support of investment management on the basis of system-adaptive approach within which the key role cognitive and information technologies in successful modernization of organizational and economic support of investment activity of the enterprises of railway transport is defined. In the plane of strategic management investment activity the enterprises of railway transport offers on: 1) formation of investment strategy in which its decomposition on strategy of insourcing and outsourcing is considered are developed; 2) typologization of investment risks on the basis of “components of the competitiveness potential”, which allowed to determine their types for railway transport enterprises, such as the lack of key assets in the business areas of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”, the loss of key customers and business partners, the loss of key functions; 3) the use of the real options method for investment risk management. To activate the project activities in the field of public-private partnership and ensure its effectiveness, an organizational approach to its development has been developed, which provides for the creation of a public-private partnership support office of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” with such functions as educational, scientific and methodological, analytical, communication and organizational coordination. Realization of functions is promoted by the developed organizational structure of office that includes such departments as marketing-analytical, educational-methodical, project, information and communication. The main directions of improvement organizational and economic support of management investment activity of the enterprises of railway transport are defined. In the organizational aspect, proposals are given to create an integration and information environment for managing the investment activities of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” and decentralization of management functions and their expansion by taking into account the tasks of information and communication interaction in the investment sphere of railway transport enterprises. To improve the interaction of railway transport enterprises with domestic and international investors in the implementation of investment projects, it is proposed to create a digital investment platform of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”, which is an integrated system that will solve the traditional and specific tasks of investment activities of railway transport enterprises, taking into account the operational, technological and organizational and economic characteristics of each of the divisions of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia”. The use of the platform in the project activities of enterprises of the railway industry will help to increase the level of rationality of economic behavior project participants and reduce transaction costs. The critical condition of traction rolling stock and the shortage of investment resources of railway transport enterprises poses a threat of failure to perform the main functions of locomotive depots and tasks for the implementation of the corporate strategy of JSC “Ukrzaliznytsia” and competitive strategy for the business direction “traction services”. For the most effective and a phased upgrade of traction rolling stock proposed priority assessment of capital investments, carried out on the basis of a complex indicator reflecting the degree of deterioration of the existing traction rolling stock, operational efficiency, economic results, investment activity and strategic guidelines of development enterprises of railway transport. The application of these proposals will have a positive impact on the strategic and financial and economic results of enterprises in the industry.