Спрощений підхід до визначення об′єкта металургійного комбінату для розробки заходів із підвищення ефективності роботи залізничного транспорту

Abstract

UA: У статті запропоновано підхід до визначення заходу з підвищення ефективності роботи залізничного транспорту металургійного комбінату. Він базується на підходах науки управління та методів лінійного програмування. Алгоритм визначення раціонального засобу розподілу дефіцитних ресурсів за наявності конкуруючих потреб передбачає п’ять етапів розрахунків. На основі цього підходу визначено заходи з підвищення ефективності роботи залізничного транспорту металургійного комбінату. Для цього розглянуто роботу залізничного цеху металургійного підприємства, а саме, визначено оберт вантажних вагонів різних власників та час їх перебування на заводських коліях. EN: The article proposes the approach for determining the measure to increase the efficiency of railway transport of the metallurgical plant. The analysis of scientific and normative works on the efficiency of railway transport at industrial enterprises showed that this issue is not fully covered and requires more detailed study. The work of the railway shop of the metallurgical enterprise is considered, namely, the turnover off right cars of different owners and the time of their stay on the factory tracks are determined. An analysis of statistical data was made, which showed that the time difference between the standard set at the enterprise and the actual time of stay of the freight car at the plant has a large discrepancy. This requires spending additional funds for the use of cars of different owners. For this purpose, a model for determining measures to minimize costs at the metallurgical enterprise was developed. The algorithm for its solution involves five stages of calculations. It is based on the model of managements science, which is presented as the approach of linear programming to determine the optimal means of allocating scarce resources in the presence of competing needs. Calculations were made, thanks to which the first stage of development of the model for determining the measure to improve the performance of railway transport was performed and the indicators that characterize it were determined. The total time of rolling stock at the enterprise is determined. Based on this, it is established that it is necessary to separate from the total time the time spent at each station according to the operations performed with the cars. Costs are determined operationally due to the received analysis of the stay and turnover of the freight car at the metallurgical enterprise. Installed stations, which are the most time-consuming freight cars, is there is an excess of payment for the down time of cars at these stations. Based on this, it was decided that it is necessary to study in more detail the operations performed with cars at theses stations and to identify "weaknesses" in the turnover of the freight car at the metallurgical enterprise.