Обґрунтування проведення тарировки тензорезисторів у комплексі з вимірювальним обладнанням

Abstract

UA: У статті розглянуто процес проведення тарировки тензорезисторів та вимірювального обладнання. Проведення експериментальних досліджень методом тензометрії – дуже важливе завдання в режимі реального часу. Але для такого дослідження необхідно відкалібрувати тензодатчики. Калібрування необхідно виконати для визначення функціонального взаємозв'язку між навантаженням, що діє на деталь, яку буде випробувано, і вихідним сигналом обладнання. EN: The article describes the process of calibrating strain gauge and measuring equipment. Modern machines have a complex design of the shapes of parts and assemblies. The loads acting on them often do not allow the determination of the stress state by modeling or calculation when creating these structurally complex machines. Therefore, conducting experimental studies using the strain gauge method is an extremely important task in real time. But for such a study, it is necessary to calibrate the strain gauges. Calibration must be performed to determine the functional relationship between the load applied to the part to be tested and the equipment output. Depending on the size, as well as the configuration and other features of the investigated part, several methods of calibration of strain gages are used: direct and indirect. To obtain reliable measurement results, the calibration conditions should differ as little as possible from the conditions of experimental studies of the tested parts. Calibration must be performed to determine the functional relationship between the load applied to the part to be tested and the equipment output. Depending on the size, as well as the configuration and other features of the investigated part, several methods of calibration of strain gages are used: direct and indirect. To obtain reliable measurement results, the calibration conditions should differ as little as possible from the conditions of experimental studies of the tested parts. Calibration consists in finding a functional relationship between the load acting on the tested part and the output signal of the equipment. To do this, creating previously known loads on the part on which the strain gauges are glued, and comparing the value of these loads with the intensity of the output signal, their ratio is determined analytically or graphically. Electrotensometry uses bridge and half-bridge measurement circuits. The half-bridge circuit is widely used, especially in static processes, where one strain gauge is active, and the other is located in the area of the load and is used for temperature compensation.