Управління запасами при організації сервісу локомотивного парку

Abstract

UA: Запровадження нової системи підтримки і відновлення локомотивного парку на принципах сервісу потребує чіткої організації постачання запасними частинами ремонтної інфраструктури. У статті розглядаються питання вирішення оптимізаційної задачі балансу вигоди і втрат при створенні запасів для сервісу локомотивів. Вважаючи, що процес попиту запасних частин мав переважно випадковий характер, запропоновано введення цільової функції, що враховує визначення закону розподілу потреби в запасних частинах на основі мінімуму приведених витратах на їх придбання і збереження. З урахуванням цього запропоновано створення ідеології «віртуального сховища» для оптимізації запасів та їх витрат.

EN: Planned warning system for locomotive repair has almost exhausted its potential. This was facilitated by the rapid deterioration of the technical condition of the locomotive fleet and infrastructure for both repair and operation. Rolling stock renewal is almost non-existent, and there is interest in providing railway services due to rising tariffs and low levels of comfort. On the contrary, some foreign railways consider the planned warning system exhausted, especially in compliance with all requirements for maintenance and repairs, timely modernization measures. But at the same time, the policy of monitoring the technical condition of manufacturers to form the infrastructure for the organization of repair and modernization of the series of locomotives is gradually developing. The first scientific researches in this direction were devoted to substantiation of strategy of interaction of traditional approaches and those which bring considerable differences from traditional. This is the adoption of a strategy for the distribution of operational and repair functions of locomotive enterprises, and when, together with manufacturers, repair plants and depots, the need to transfer repairs to service centers is determined. At the same time, large centers are being formed that provide service services for the regions of operation, namely, organize the monitoring and audit of the enterprise and ensure the organization of rolling stock repairs. Without a clear organization of the supply system, the organization of locomotive service, which requires the selection of the optimal procurement procedure and stocks. The introduction of a new system of maintenance and restoration of the locomotive fleet on the principles of service requires a clear organization of the supply of spare parts for repair infrastructure. The system considers the solution of the optimization problem of the balance of profits and losses in the creation of stocks for locomotive service. Assuming that the process demand was mostly random, it is proposed to introduce a target function that takes into account the definition of the law of distribution of demand for spare parts, based on the minimum of the given measurements for their acquisition and storage. With this in mind, it is proposed to create an ideology of «virtual storage» to optimize stocks and their costs.