Аналіз відомих пристроїв закріплення составів і загородження колій у сортувальних парках

Abstract

UA: У статті проведено докладний аналіз відомих пристроїв закріплення составів та загородження колій у сортувальних парках залізничних станцій. Зроблено висновок, що в існуючому вигляді жоден з розглянутих пристроїв не може бути використаний на вітчизняних залізницях без додаткового доопрацювання, проте доцільність їх застосування на мережі залізниць України є беззаперечною.

EN: In modern conditions only rhythmic and organized work of marshalling stations equipped with the up-to-date devices for mechanization and automation of sorting process will essentially reduce the wagons demurrage.

Today, the brake shoes are used in domestic marshalling stations to stop the wagons, rolling down the hump yard, and to prevent them from going beyond the effective length of the switch rails. Generally, several brake shoes are used, which increases in the volume of manual labor, reduces the effective length of the body tracks, additional delays while shunting operations, affects the movement and occupational safety. This problem acquires a special significance as a result of the operation of wagons with wheel pairs on roller bearings, the resistance of which is 5 times less than that of wagons with plain bearings, for which most of the hump yards were designed. This requires the use of mentioned above braking devices on almost all rails.

One of the prospective solutions of this problem is to use remote controlled barrier devices. To this end, the article studied the experience of the use such devices in Germany, the USA, Japan and other countries.

It is concluded that the experience of the development and the use of such devices on the railways of the developed countries confirms the appropriateness of their use in domestic practice. However, it was also determined that none of them in the present form can be used on the Ukrainian railways without further modification.