Удосконалення організації перевезення зернових вантажів залізничними ступінчастими маршрутами

Abstract

UA: Розроблено модель та визначено основні принципи у формуванні відправок та організації руху зернових вантажів. Проаналізовано основні тенденції в розвитку ринку зернових вантажів та виявлено ключові фактори ринку, що дають змогу мати короткостроковий прогноз щодо тенденції перевезення. Запропоновано модель формування ступінчастого маршруту з урахуванням особливостей роботи тягового апарату дільниці та принцип розподілення рухомого складу в умовах реформування галузі.

EN: The analysis of the railway freight sector in recent years has set a clear trend towards the development of the oil and grain goods transportation. The growth dynamics in the agrarian sector is positive with a growing sum due to the technological development of the industry and the demand for the world market. Taking into account the geographical, normative and legal component of the agricultural transport sector, the railway becomes a key player in this direction. Paying attention to it and to the particular features of grain and oil cargo exports, the industry must meet modern criteria of service and service quality. Due to lack of locomotive traction, lack of a proper investment market, there is a problem of introducing relevant innovations in the formation of the grain cargoes exports logistics. For the last freight year, the price of domestic corn on the world market, according to the expert estimates, was 18 % lower than the world average. Separately, there is a question of forming the wagon shipments of this group of goods. The analysis of the loading capacity of the eastern Ukrainian stations by grain goods at the end of 2018 clearly demonstrates the railways inability to provide the transportation demand for the whole number of shippers with small and medium cargo volumes. This situation creates accumulating and freezing of funds, that makes it impossible to develop the entire business sector and gives a negative assessment of the industry as a whole in the conditions of its investment necessity. The model is developed and the basic principles of forming the stage routes and organizing the movement of grain cargoes are defined. The main trends of the grain cargoes market development are analyzed and key market factors that allow to have a short-term forecast on the transportation tendency are revealed. The model of forming the stage route with the peculiarities of the traction apparatus work of the division and the principle of rolling stock distribution in terms of industry restructuring are proposed.