Цифровий розвиток залізничного транспорту в умовах глобальних перспектив та викликів

Abstract

UA: Цифровізація безупинно впливає на всі сфери економіки, в тому числі й на транспорту сферу, котра відповідно до глобальних запитів змушена перебудувати свою діяльність. У статті зазначено, що розвиток цифрових систем необхідний транспорту для того, щоб зробити галузь зручнішою для людей та розвитку бізнесу. Відзначено, що пріоритетними і перспективними напрямками розвитку перевезень виступають цифрові технології необхідні для оформлення перевезень та контролю доставки. Для залізничного транспорту важливим є подолання «цифрових розривів», які має галузь на світовій арені. Виконання інтернаціональних проєктів щодо усунення «цифрового розриву» дозволить вирішити існуючі проблеми у транспортному комплексі, створити умови для ефективнішого керування транспортним розвитком, не допускати появи неполадок тощо.

EN: Over the last decade, digital technologies, including the Internet, have become the basis of the functioning of the economy, a determining factor of development in all its sectors, including the transport sector. The development of digital systems intended to improve the quality of life, make transport more convenient for people and business development, and innovative developments in the modeling of transport systems and regulation of transport flows should provide end users with greater information and safety, as well as qualitatively increase the level of interaction of participants. The digital transformation of logistics transportation directly depends on the use of integrated information digital platforms. These platforms bring together participants in production chains, sales channels, consumers and specific sectors of the economy. To increase productivity, local information digital platforms used in transport and logistics. With their help, they plan transportation, organize the interaction of various types of transport, process cargo in warehouses, which significantly reduces the time and financial costs of transport companies and their customers. The application of complex information digital platforms is widely used by logistics intermediaries who perform service functions and manage individual competencies of manufacturing companies. By connecting business processes of customers, logistics intermediaries connect manufacturers with consumers, ensure delivery of raw materials, finished products and components, manage warehouse stocks, carry out calculations and provide other services. The implementation of international projects will solve existing problems in the transport complex, will allow effective management of transport development, and will prevent problems from appearing. The introduction of single digital platforms will take a step towards the integration of modes of transport into a single network by creating a single information base. Such integration will make it possible to use internal resources as effectively as possible, reduce transportation costs, establish uniform standards for transportation quality, safety, tariffs, etc. Railway companies around the world have already implemented a wide range of new services and applications using digital technologies, both to provide more information and entertainment services, and to improve asset monitoring and automate operations. The changes brought about by digitalization in rail transport seen by many stakeholders as both an opportunity – due to the benefits it can offer – and a challenge. After all, digitalization requires a change in thinking and business models, significant financial investments and a strategy to combat cyber threats. However, solving these problems will allow the railway company to increase efficiency and ensure competitiveness in the market.