Дослідження підходів до класифікації економічних екосистем

Abstract

UA: У статті встановлено, що сучасні підприємства в умовах цифровізації вимушені в якнайшвидші темпи сформувати дієву екосистему підприємства спроможну стати основою для забезпечення його економічного зростання. Наявна велика кількість сучасних економічних екосистем обумовлює необхідність проведення їх класифікації та окреслення найбільш вдалих різновидів. В якості найбільш розповсюджених було виділені класифікації економічних екосистем за ознаками: рівень конвергенції та інструмент цифровізації, що використовується; характер зв'язку базового продукту ініціатора конвергенції з цифровими та інформаційними технологіями.

EN: The article establishes that modern enterprises in the conditions of digitalization are forced to form an effective enterprise ecosystem capable of becoming the basis for ensuring its economic growth as quickly as possible. The existing large number of modern economic ecosystems determines the need for their classification and delineation of their most successful varieties. Two classifications of economic ecosystems were singled out as the most widespread. The first is based on the "level of convergence and digitalization tool used." this classification includes the following 9 types of economic ecosystems: an economic ecosystem as an effective institutional and organizational form of conducting business within the framework of intra-segment economic convergence, involves the use of only information technologies in joint business; economic ecosystem as an effective institutional and organizational form of doing business within the framework of intra-segment economic convergence, involves the use of IT and IT platforms in joint business; economic ecosystem as an effective institutional and organizational form of doing business within the framework of intra-segment economic convergence, involves the use of IT, IT platforms and networks connecting them in joint business; economic ecosystem as an effective institutional and organizational form of conducting business within the framework of inter-segment economic convergence, involves the use of only information technologies (IT) in joint business; economic ecosystem as an effective institutional and organizational form of conducting business within the framework of inter-segment economic convergence, involves the use of IT and IT platforms in joint business; economic ecosystem as an effective institutional and organizational form of conducting business within the framework of inter-segment economic convergence, involves the use of IT, IT platforms and networks connecting them, social development trends (economic convergence and digitalization) in joint business. The second classification of economic ecosystems is distinguished on the basis of "the nature of the connection of the basic product of the initiator of convergence with digital and information technologies." Different variants of the values of this feature made it possible to distinguish three types of ecosystems: product, digital, and information technology. Product ecosystems - they are sometimes called general type ecosystems, although the use of the definition "product" is conditional - only to separate these ecosystems from digital ecosystems and IT ecosystems. For ecosystems of the general type, the main basic product of the initiator, which he offered to the client before creating the ecosystems, is not digital and is not based on the use of digital and information technologies. Digital ecosystems - for ecosystems of this type, the main basic product provided to the client by the initiator of convergence before the creation of ecosystems was based on the special use of digital and information technologies. Information technology ecosystems - for ecosystems of this type, the main basic product provided to the client by the initiator before the creation of the ecosystem is an independent digital product or information technology.