Впровадження новітніх технологій для проведення митного контролю під час перевезення вантажів залізничним транспортом

Abstract

UA: Диджиталізація митного контролю є основним напрямом реформування міжнародних залізничних вантажоперевезень, спрямованим на підвищення ефективності митних процедур, скорочення часу оформлення вантажів і мінімізацію затримок на кордоні. У статті досліджено сучасні цифрові технології, такі як QR-коди, електронний документообіг та інтегровані платформи обміну даними. Запропоновано математичну модель оптимізації митного контролю, що дає змогу підвищити швидкість і точність виконання технологічних операцій під час перевезення вантажів.

EN: Key directions of customs control digitalization for international freight flows transported by rail include electronic cargo declaration, digital transport documents, big data utilization and analytics, real-time data exchange systems, integration with customs systems of neighboring countries, and blockchain technology for ensuring transparency and security. These technologies contribute to the automation of customs clearance processes, enhancing their accuracy and efficiency. The primary advantages of customs digitalization lie in the reduction of paperwork, lower processing costs, and the elimination of redundant work. The aim of this study is to develop and implement proposals for improving the digitalization of customs control and clearance processes during international freight transportation by rail. The goal is to increase the efficiency, transparency, and speed of customs procedures, reduce human intervention, and minimize cargo delays through the application of modern information technologies, such as QR codes, electronic document management, and integrated digital platforms. The expected outcomes of this study include a reduction in customs clearance time, a decrease in documentation errors, an increased level of automation, and enhanced coordination between customs authorities across different countries. By streamlining the interaction between railway transport operators and customs services, digitalization helps optimize the overall logistics process. This paper proposes a mathematical model for optimizing customs control processes, incorporating QR codes to automate the identification of transport documents and reduce the time required for technological operations. The study improves digitalization algorithms by integrating modern technologies such as electronic document circulation, automatic declaration verification, and the creation of a unified data exchange platform between customs authorities of different countries. A new approach to assessing the efficiency of customs control is introduced, taking into account the probability of successful QR code data scanning and the impact of digital technologies on reducing procedural times.