Ethical leadership as the foundation of organizational culture in Scandinavian countries

Abstract

The success of modern companies in global and regional markets is determined not only by economic efficiency indicators but also by the specifics of their organizational culture. Organizations that adhere to high moral standards of management-both formally and informally-demonstrate greater trust from employees, partners, and society as a whole. In the enterprises and organizations of Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland), a distinctive model of organizational culture has developed, in which adherence to ethical management principles-such as responsibility, transparency, equality, trust, and open communication-plays a key role.