Напрямки та інструменти державного регулювання стратегічного розвитку залізничного транспорту

Abstract

UA: В статті встановлено, що для формування стратегічних переваг залізничного транспорту, заснованих на інтелектуальному лідерстві галузі, необхідною є державна підтримка. Проведене дослідження дозволило вказати на недостатню ефективність діючої наразі державної політики регулювання залізничного транспорту. Ґрунтуючись на цьому, сформовано напрямки державного регулювання розвитку залізничного транспорту, які враховують стратегічні орієнтири розвитку галузі та розкривають інструменти державної підтримки процесів формування стратегічних переваг за такими складовими розвитку, як інноваційно-виробнича, інвестиційна, енергетична, екологічна, соціальна та міжнародна складова.

EN: It is established that in order to shape the strategic advantages of railway transport based on the intellectual leadership of the industry, in the highly competitive EU market, state support of the processes of ensuring strategic changes in the rail transport is needed, which should create a qualitative basis for the competitiveness of the industry in the international and domestic markets. services. The study of the peculiarities of state regulation of railway transport in developed countries and the development of regulatory support for the activities of Ukrainian railways, showed the insufficient effectiveness of the current state policy of regulation of railway transport. The biggest mistake in the development and implementation of reforms in the Ukrainian railways was the lack of a script approach to drawing up the Rail Transport Development Strategy, which provides a description of not only specific targeted programs aimed at achieving the overall goal of railway development, but also detailing mechanisms and instruments of state regulation of the processes. development. Considering the chosen priorities for the implementation of reforms and the need for strategic changes in the railway industry in order to improve the position in the European transport and logistics market, the feasibility of changing the current principles and instruments of state regulation of railway transport development is substantiated. On this basis, the directions of state regulation of railway transport development have been formed, which take into account the strategic guidelines for the development of the industry and reveal the instruments of state support of the processes of formation of strategic advantages for such components of development as innovation-production, investment, energy, environmental, social and international. The implementation of the proposed model of public administration will facilitate the implementation of strategic changes in the activity of Ukrainian railways and the achievement of leading positions in the European market of transport and logistics services.