Математична модель взаємодії колії і рухомого складу в зоні рейкових стиків

Abstract

UA: Розроблена математична модель, яка характеризує роботу рейок під дією вертикального навантаження від рухомого складу в прямих і кривих ділянках колії, а також на ділянках, що знаходяться в зоні рейкових стиків, які характеризуються високими динамічними впливами. Розроблена математична модель дає можливість визначити приведену до точки контакту колеса і рейки жорсткість рейкової нитки, що в свою чергу дає можливість визначити вертикальні динамічні сили взаємодії колії і рухомого складу з урахуванням змін параметрів згинальної жорсткості рейкової нитки в зоні рейкового стику.

EN: A mathematical model characterizing work of rails under action of the vertical loading from mobile composition on the areas of way direct and crooked is developed, and also on the areas of the found in an area rail joints characterized by high dynamic influences. These questions are especially actual for the terms of ways of the no common use (high axial loading, features of the special mobile composition, curves of small radiuses, feature of the modes of conduct of trains). Executing the design of work of rail filament it is needed to take into account under action of the external loading, level of dynamic action of crews on a way in the area of rail joints. The use of number methods of research of co-operation of way and mobile composition enables exactly to determine basic calculation data, by comparison to experimental works, but it is possible to use number methods only when a mathematical model represents the real work of construction of way, taking into account dynamic processes which take place in the area of joints. In the article the general calculation chart of subsystem was considered "crew", in a basis to which the spatial calculation chart of four-axle train crew which moves on the way is stopped up. As a calculation model a beam which is found separate discrete resiliently was accepted - dissipative supports with nonlinear descriptions. The developed mathematical model enables to define resulted to the point of contact of wheel and rail inflexibility of rail filament, that enables to define vertical dynamic forces of co-operation of way and mobile composition taking into account the changes of parameters of bending inflexibility of rail filament in the area of rail joint. It is necessary to underline that influence of these parameters on forces of co-operation of way and mobile composition changes in the process of motion continuously. Inflexibilities of rails in the area of rail joint and out of joint affect motion of these processes as inflexibilities of rail supports so. Multiple calculations which were executed for the most widespread types of the carriages of enterprises metallurgical and mining specialized and special allowed to set that at the rates of movement, which will be realized on the ways of industrial transport, vertical shock forces can measure up 27-28 kN at in good condition rail joints. At presence of disrepairs in joints («steps») the shock loading are multiplied in 1,7-3,2 times, measuring up 65-70 kN. Data which are got calculations are confirmed by the results of experimental works.